Innovative Solutions for Water Scarcity: Seawater Desalination in Southeast Spain

Population growth and climate change are placing increasing pressure on limited freshwater resources, particularly in regions prone to drought. In areas like southeast Spain, traditional methods of securing clean drinking water – such as river regulation or water transfers – are proving less effective as droughts become more frequent and severe. To meet the region’s water needs, seawater desalination has emerged as an important solution.

The Alicante II Seawater Desalination Plant, located on Spain’s Mediterranean coast, plays a key role in addressing the areas’ water scarcity. Built with the aim of minimizing the impact of drought on local communities, the plant has been supplying high-quality drinking water since 2008. With a nominal capacity of 65,000 cubic meters per day, the facility can deliver a steady supply of drinking water to the region. Operating at a recovery rate of 45 % for single-pass seawater desalination, the plant helps ensure a reliable water source even during extended dry periods.

The Role of Reverse Osmosis Technology

At the heart of the desalination process is DuPont’s reverse osmosis (RO) technology, a highly efficient method for converting seawater into potable water. The system works by pushing seawater through advanced RO membranes, which filter out salts and impurities, leaving behind fresh water suitable for human consumption.

What sets this facility apart is the reliability and efficiency of its reverse osmosis membranes, which are designed to resist fouling and reduce energy consumption. These membranes have proven to be exceptionally durable, with the original membranes still in use and maintaining excellent performance over a decade later. This longevity not only increases productivity by reducing the need for frequent cleaning and replacements but also helps lower energy use and operational costs, making the plant more sustainable.

By adopting advanced desalination technology, regions like southeast Spain are demonstrating how innovation can mitigate the effects of water scarcity, ensuring a reliable supply of clean water for growing populations in the face of climate change.